Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a leading cause of vision loss, with an estimated 2.5 million Americans living with this group of eye diseases. Glaucoma causes the liquid within the eye (known as aqueous humor) to build up, placing pressure on the optic nerve. Symptoms of glaucoma are not usually noticed until the vision loss is irreversible. If you have been diagnosed with glaucoma, early treatment is essential to preserving your vision. Below are some of the most frequently asked questions about glaucoma and its treatment.

What are the symptoms of glaucoma?

Glaucoma is often called “silent vision loss” because the early stages have no noticeable symptoms. By the time that vision loss becomes noticeable, it is irreversible. Glaucoma can be caught early through a routine eye exam from an eye surgeon. An early diagnosis allows for effective treatment before vision loss becomes noticeable. Untreated glaucoma causes reduced peripheral vision or “tunnel vision.” Eventually, it will also obscure central vision, leading to blindness.

Who is at risk for glaucoma?

Anyone can get glaucoma at any age. Those most at risk include people over the age of 60, diabetics, African Americans, and those with a family history of glaucoma.

Can glaucoma be prevented?

There is no known way to prevent this eye disease. Although there is no cure, treatment is essential for those who have been diagnosed with glaucoma. These treatments will stop the disease from progressing, but they cannot restore vision loss that has already been caused by the glaucoma.

What is the medication for glaucoma?

Most people with glaucoma use medicated eye drops. These drops, formulated to reduce pressure inside the eye, must be used several times per day for life. Regular use is essential for preventing vision loss, even if you don't notice immediate effects from skipping treatments.

What are the surgical options for treating glaucoma?

Glaucoma can be treated with either laser procedures or conventional vision correction surgery. These treatment options are designed to either improve drainage of fluid from the eye or reduce the production of aqueous humor. Both types have the goal of reducing pressure within the eye to avoid damage to the optic nerve.